1.就近原則
either...or ; neither...nor ; not only..but also, there be
2.就遠(yuǎn)原則
besides , but , except , with , as well as , like , together with
3.The number of+單數(shù)/A number of+復(fù)數(shù)
4.The singer and write+單數(shù)(表示一個(gè)人)
1.There be句型,疑問(wèn)部分也要用there
2.由think,believe,expect,suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(We) 的時(shí)候,疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成翻譯疑問(wèn)句。前否后肯,前肯后否。
1.形容詞與副詞的排序題
Those three beautiful large old red Chinese wood.
2.某些以-ior 結(jié)尾的形容詞進(jìn)行比較時(shí),用to代替 than這些詞有inferior (劣等的,次的)、superior (較好的,優(yōu)于)、junior資歷較淺的)、senior (資格較老的)、prior (在之前)等。
3.在形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)前,用much,little,still ,even, far,等來(lái)修飾。
1.wish的賓語(yǔ)從句
(1)現(xiàn)在:過(guò)去
(2)過(guò)去:過(guò)去的過(guò)去
(3)將來(lái):would/should/might+V原
2.would rather than
(1)現(xiàn)在:過(guò)去
(2)過(guò)去:過(guò)去的過(guò)去
(3)將來(lái):過(guò)去
3.as if/though+從句
(1)現(xiàn)在:過(guò)去
(2)過(guò)去:過(guò)去的過(guò)去
4.It's(about/high)time+that+從句使用過(guò)去式
5.表示要求、命命、建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,使用should+動(dòng)原或者將should省略
6.這類動(dòng)詞的名詞形式如:advice,requirement,orde,advice,sug-gestionproposa,demand,request等等也要用should+動(dòng)原,注意主語(yǔ)是人還是物,是物要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
7.It's necessary/strange/natura/insrtant/pity/
decided/deciding/lmpossible+that從句,從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬,should+動(dòng)原。
8.(a、b、c、d均可),we couldn'have finished the work ahead of time.
a. If it had not been for your help
b. Had it not been for your help
c. But for your help d.Without your help
1.You'd better do sth../You'd better not do sth...
2.by the time / end of
主句+將來(lái)完成時(shí)by the end of next year
主句+過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí) by the end of 1999
關(guān)鍵句:By the middle of the21"century,the vast a joity of the world's people將來(lái)完成時(shí)in cities rather than in rura areas.
3.It is / has been+一段時(shí)間+since 自從...已有...
4.for, since, so far(ong), till, until一般與完成時(shí)連用(完成時(shí)提示詞)
1.I have no doubt + that
7.It is likely+to do sth
It is unlikely+to do sth
It is likely+that
It is unlikely+that
8.It/there is no use/no good/no point+doing
9.It is/was not unti..that(直到...才)
10.It was not時(shí)間段+betore(沒(méi)過(guò)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就...)
1.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)(或分?jǐn)?shù))+as+adj.+as
Eg:I have three times as many as you,我有你三倍那么多。
2.(表語(yǔ)從句)應(yīng)使用The reason...is that...或This/it/
that/is because...等句型。不要使用The reason...is because that句型
3.(同位語(yǔ)從句)fact(idea,news,belief,thought,doubt,order,suggestion,proof,
message,conclusion,desire,theory,truth,in-formation,word)that...最??嫉奈鍌€(gè)同位語(yǔ)單詞。
4.(定語(yǔ)從句)that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以呼喚,但在下列情況下,一般用that而不用which。
(1)先行詞為all, everything,nothing,something
anything,little,much等不定代詞
(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時(shí);
(3)先行詞序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。(the first,the beat)理解:
(4)先行詞被the only,the very,the same修飾時(shí)。(5)(主語(yǔ)從句)that和what缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)用what,不缺少用that
(6)(狀語(yǔ)從句)the moment/the minute/
the instan讓步n/adj +as/though+主+謂(固定公式)
1.倒裝中的否定詞或者半否定詞
這類詞或短語(yǔ)主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom,rarely hardly, scarcely, no sooner, not only, in no way,at no time, few, not,no等
2.NB代表not only...but also...引導(dǎo)的并列句。Not only位于句首時(shí),所引導(dǎo)的前面的分句倒裝,后面的分句不倒裝。故此稱“前倒后不倒”。
3.O代表only+狀語(yǔ)從句;NU代not表until+狀語(yǔ)從句此兩種結(jié)構(gòu)位于句首時(shí),倒裝主句而不倒裝從句。
即:主倒從不倒。
4.So+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ):也一樣 So+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞的確如此
5.完全倒裝遇到人稱代詞時(shí)不用倒裝,如Here you are
Unless(除非),
While(表轉(zhuǎn)折,表同時(shí)發(fā)生、表相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間),
Since(因?yàn)椋热唬?,once(一旦),Now that(既然),In spite of(除了),Provided(如果),
In that(因?yàn)椋?,Though/although不與but連用,Because不與so連用,Unless不與or連用,
Whether常與not或者or連用。
1.let,have,make,get等表使役的動(dòng)詞 Let/have/nake sb do;get sb to do
(1)have sb do sth 讓某人做某事
(2)have sth/sb doing讓某事處于持續(xù)不停狀態(tài)之中(3)have sth done 讓別人做此事
2.see.watch.notice.hear.listen to.observe feel等表感官動(dòng)詞的不定式均不帶to
3.不定式做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的固定搭配
too+adj/adv to do
so+adj/adv as to do/that 從句
adj/adv +enough to do
Such+as to do 從句
4."使...怎么樣"之類的動(dòng)詞amusement,excite,frighten,inter-est, move, relax, satisfy,shock, surprise, disappoint, puzzle, tire,please,inspire,terrify,worry,它們的ing形式表示主動(dòng),而過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng),一般情況下“人”用ed“物”用ing
5.why not do sth(為何不做某事)
固定搭配
Cant(help/choose)but do不得不做
Can't help doing情不自禁做某事
Can't help but tell her the truth。
我只能告訴她真相。
6.+ing
mind(介意),miss(逃過(guò)),mention(提及),
risk(冒險(xiǎn)),resist(抵制),consider(考慮),admit(承認(rèn)),avoid(避免),
appreciate(感激),fancy(幻想),finish(完成),feel like(喜歡)enjoy(享受),escape(逃脫),delay(延遲),deny(否認(rèn))detest(痛恨)
imagine(想象),suggest(建議),keep(保持)
7.+to
dare(敢于),demand(要求),
determine(決定),decided(決定),
plan(計(jì)劃),pretend(假裝),promise(允諾),prepare(準(zhǔn)備),want(想要),warn(警告),wish(希望),wait(等待),hope(等待),
help(幫忙),hesitate(猶豫),care(愿意),choose(選擇),claim(聲稱),agree(網(wǎng)意),afford(擔(dān)負(fù)得起),learn(學(xué)會(huì)),long(渴望)
8.to/ing意思不一樣
(1)forget to do sth忘記要做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過(guò)某事
(2)mean to do sth打算做某事
mean doing sth意味著,就是
(3)go on to do繼續(xù)做另一件事
go on doing繼續(xù)做同一件事
(4)try to do sth試圖做某事
try doing sth嘗試做某事
(5)stop to do sth停下來(lái)做某事
stop doing sth停止做某事
(6)regret to do sth對(duì)要發(fā)生的事表示遺憾
regret doing sth對(duì)發(fā)生過(guò)的事表示后悔
1.every other每隔一個(gè)其地他都
2.none other than不是別人,正是...
3.no other than不是別的,正是...
4.other than 不同于,除了
5.rather than 而不是
6.anything but決不
7.nothing but只有,僅僅
1.用在身體某部位的名詞前代替一個(gè)物主代詞。
及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+介詞the+身體部位。
如:The ball hit the boy on the nose.
2.演奏樂(lè)器時(shí),樂(lè)器的名稱通常用定冠詞。
如:Do you like to play the guitar or the viol in?
3.在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前,指世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年代。
如:In the 1870's,Marx was already in his fifties.
4。turn,go(作變成解)后作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的名詞前一樣不用冠詞。如:He has gone social ist.
5.在若干獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)中不用冠詞如:He entered the forest,gun in hand
6.學(xué)科名稱、球類,棋類名稱前不加冠詞。Do you study physics?He likes playing football/chess.